Spring Security 如何登录

作者: 李多多 日期: 2019-07-07
Spring Boot
Spring Security 如何登录

在使用 SpringSecurity 中,大家都知道默认的登录数据是通过 key/value 的形式来传递的,默认情况下不支持 JSON格式的登录数据,如果有这种需求,就需要自己来解决。

基本登录方法

本文为了简单,SpringSecurity 在使用中就不连接数据库了,直接在内存中配置用户名和密码,具体操作步骤如下:

首先创建 SpringBoot 工程,添加 SpringSecurity 依赖,如下:

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

添加 Security 配置

创建 SecurityConfig,完成 SpringSecurity 的配置,如下:

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Bean
PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("zhangsan").password("$2a$10$2O4EwLrrFPEboTfDOtC0F.RpUMk.3q3KvBHRx7XXKUMLBGjOOBs8q").roles("user");
}

@Override
public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
}

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginProcessingUrl("/doLogin")
.successHandler(new AuthenticationSuccessHandler() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
RespBean ok = RespBean.ok("登录成功!",authentication.getPrincipal());
resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(ok));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
})
.failureHandler(new AuthenticationFailureHandler() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
RespBean error = RespBean.error("登录失败");
resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(error));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
})
.loginPage("/login")
.permitAll()
.and()
.logout()
.logoutUrl("/logout")
.logoutSuccessHandler(new LogoutSuccessHandler() {
@Override
public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
RespBean ok = RespBean.ok("注销成功!");
resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(ok));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
})
.permitAll()
.and()
.csrf()
.disable()
.exceptionHandling()
.accessDeniedHandler(new AccessDeniedHandler() {
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
RespBean error = RespBean.error("权限不足,访问失败");
resp.setStatus(403);
resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(error));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
});

}
}

这里的配置虽然有点长,但是很基础,配置含义也比较清晰,首先提供 BCryptPasswordEncoder 作为 PasswordEncoder ,可以实现对密码的自动加密加盐,非常方便,然后提供了一个名为 zhangsan 的用户,密码是 123 ,角色是 user ,最后配置登录逻辑,所有的请求都需要登录后才能访问,登录接口是 /doLogin ,用户名的 key 是 username ,密码的 key 是 password ,同时配置登录成功、登录失败以及注销成功、权限不足时都给用户返回JSON提示,另外,这里虽然配置了登录页面为 /login ,实际上这不是一个页面,而是一段 JSON ,在 LoginController 中提供该接口,如下:

@RestController
@ResponseBody
public class LoginController {
@GetMapping("/login")
public RespBean login() {
return RespBean.error("尚未登录,请登录");
}
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
return "hello";
}
}

这里 /login 只是一个 JSON 提示,而不是页面, /hello 则是一个测试接口。

OK,做完上述步骤就可以开始测试了,运行SpringBoot项目,访问 /hello 接口,结果如下:

image.png

此时先调用登录接口进行登录,如下:

image.png

登录成功后,再去访问 /hello 接口就可以成功访问了。

参考:http://springboot.javaboy.org/2019/0613/springsecurity-json